Mutane sukan yi tambaya ko suna bukatar saka biyutabarau masu toshe shuɗidon kare idanunsu lokacin kallon kwamfutarsu, pad ko wayar hannu.Shin laser myopia ya gyara bayan tiyata yana buƙatar sanya gilashin shuɗi mai shuɗi don kare ido?Don amsa waɗannan tambayoyin, ana buƙatar fahimtar kimiyya game da hasken shuɗi da farko.
Hasken shuɗi ɗan gajeren zango ne tsakanin 400 zuwa 500nm, wanda shine muhimmin sashi na hasken halitta.Yana da ban sha'awa ganin shuɗin sararin sama da shuɗin teku.Me yasa nake ganin sama da teku suna shudi?Wannan shi ne saboda gajeriyar hasken shuɗi mai tsayi daga rana yana tarwatsewa da ƙaƙƙarfan barbashi da tururin ruwa a sararin sama ya shiga cikin ido, ya sa sararin sama ya zama shuɗi.Lokacin da rana ta fado saman teku, galibin raƙuman ruwan teku ne ke mamaye su, yayin da shuɗin haske a cikin ɗan gajeren zangon hasken da ake iya gani ba ya shiga, yana nunawa cikin ido kuma ya sa tekun ya zama shuɗi.
Lalacewar hasken shuɗi yana nufin hasken shuɗi na iya kai tsaye zuwa ga fundus, kuma aikin photochemical da ke haifar da fallasa zai iya lalata ƙwayoyin ɓangarorin retinal na retinal pigment epithelial cell Layer (RPE), wanda ke haifar da lalacewar macular degeneration na shekaru.Amma bayan shekaru da suka yi bincike, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa gajeren igiyoyin hasken shuɗi (kasa da 450nm) ne kawai ke haifar da lalacewar ido, kuma lalacewar yana da alaƙa a fili da lokaci da adadin hasken shuɗi.
Shin na'urorin hasken LED da ake amfani da su sosai a rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun suna cutar da hasken shuɗi?Fitillun LED suna fitar da farin haske ta hanyar ɗorawa rawaya phosphor ta guntun shuɗi.Ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin launi mai launi, akwai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira a cikin maƙallan shuɗi na bakan tushen haske.Saboda kasancewar shuɗi a cikin band ɗin da ke ƙasa da 450nm, ya zama dole don sarrafa matsakaicin haske ko hasken LED a cikin kewayon aminci don hasken cikin gida na yau da kullun.Idan a cikin 100kcd·m -- 2 ko 1000lx, to waɗannan samfuran ba su da illa ga hasken shuɗi.
Mai zuwa shine ma'aunin aminci na haske mai shuɗi IEC62471 (bisa ga idanu da aka ba da izinin rarrabuwar lokacin ƙayyadaddun lokaci), wannan ma'aunin yana da amfani ga duk hanyoyin haske ban da Laser, ƙasashe sun karɓi ko'ina:
(1) Haɗarin sifili: t> 10000s, wato, babu haɗarin haske shuɗi;
(2) Ajin haɗari: 100s≤t <10000s, kyale idanu har tsawon daƙiƙa 10000 su kalli tushen haske kai tsaye ba tare da lahani ba;
(3) Hatsari na Class II: 0.25s≤t <100s, buƙatar idanu don kallon lokacin tushen haske ba zai iya wuce 100 seconds ba;
(4) Nau'i uku na hatsarori: t <0.25s, kallon ido a tushen haske na 0.25 seconds na iya haifar da haɗari.
A halin yanzu, fitilun da aka yi amfani da su azaman hasken LED a rayuwar yau da kullun ana rarraba su azaman nau'in sifili da haɗari na rukuni ɗaya.Idan sun kasance nau'in haɗari na nau'i biyu, suna da alamun dole ("Ido ba zai iya kallo ba").Hatsarin haske mai shuɗi na fitilar LED da sauran hanyoyin haske iri ɗaya ne, idan a cikin ƙofa na aminci, ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin hasken da fitilu ta hanyar al'ada, mara lahani ga idanun ɗan adam.Hukumomin gwamnati na cikin gida da na kasashen waje da ƙungiyoyin masana'antar hasken wuta sun gudanar da bincike mai zurfi da gwajin kwatankwacin hoto kan yanayin lafiyar fitilu da tsarin fitilu daban-daban.Kula da Ingancin Ingancin Samfurin Hasken Wuta na Shanghai ya gwada samfuran LED 27 daga maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, 14 daga cikinsu suna cikin rukunin marasa haɗari kuma 13 daga cikinsu na cikin haɗari na farko.Don haka yana da kyau lafiya.
A gefe guda kuma, dole ne mu mai da hankali ga tasirin shuɗi mai haske a jiki.Masanan kimiyyar sun gano cewa ƙwayoyin ganglion na retinal masu saurin haske (ipRGC) suna bayyana opmelanin, wanda ke da alhakin abubuwan da ba na gani ba a cikin jiki kuma yana daidaita rhythms na circadian.Mai karɓar melanin na gani yana da hankali a 459-485 nm, wanda shine ɓangaren shuɗi mai tsayi.Hasken shuɗi yana daidaita rhythms na circadian kamar bugun zuciya, faɗakarwa, bacci, zafin jiki da maganganun kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar rinjayar siginar melanin na gani.Idan rhythm na circadian ya damu, yana da illa ga lafiyar ɗan adam.An kuma bayar da rahoton haske mai launin shuɗi don magance yanayi kamar baƙin ciki, damuwa da hauka.Na biyu, blue haske kuma yana da alaƙa da hangen nesa na dare.Ana samar da hangen nesa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin sanda masu haske, yayin da hasken shuɗi ya fi aiki akan ƙwayoyin sanda.Yawan garkuwar haske mai shuɗi zai haifar da raguwar hangen nesa na dare.Gwaje-gwajen dabbobi kuma sun gano cewa haske mai ɗan gajeren zango kamar hasken shuɗi zai iya hana myopia a cikin dabbobin gwaji.
Gabaɗaya, bai kamata mu wuce gona da iri illar da hasken shuɗi ke yi akan idanu ba.Na'urorin lantarki masu inganci sun riga sun tace haske mai shuɗi mai gajeriyar igiyar ruwa, wanda gabaɗaya mara lahani.Gilashin toshe shuɗi suna da mahimmanci kawai lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa manyan matakan da dogon lokaci na haske mai shuɗi, kuma masu amfani yakamata su guji kallon maɓuɓɓuka masu haske kai tsaye.Lokacin zabartabarau masu toshe shuɗi, Ya kamata ku zaɓi don kare haske mai launin shuɗi mai cutarwa a ƙasa da 450nm kuma ku riƙe hasken shuɗi mai fa'ida sama da 450nm a cikin dogon band.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-16-2022