Kamar yadda abin da ke faruwa akai-akai, kowane nau'in gilashin ban mamaki yana fitowa ba tare da ƙarewa ba, don haka ta yaya launi ya canza gilashin na ya zama matsalar da kowa ya fi damuwa.Saboda discoloration myopia gilashin duba da kyau, don haka shi ne zabi na da yawa m marasa lafiya, a kasa don discoloration myopia gilashin yadda za a gabatar da dalla-dalla a gare ku.
Ana yin ruwan tabarau na photochromic ta hanyar ƙara adadin adadin bromide na azurfa da ya dace da micrograins na jan karfe oxide cikin gilashin talakawa.Lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa haske mai ƙarfi, bromide na azurfa ya rushe zuwa azurfa da bromine.Ƙananan ƙwaya na azurfa da ke lalacewa suna ba gilashin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.Lokacin da hasken ya dushe, azurfa da bromine sun kasance da jan ƙarfe oxide don sake samar da bromide na azurfa.A sakamakon haka, launin ruwan tabarau ya sake zama haske.
Matsakaicin salo mai salo na “hoton ruwan tabarau na hoto” da “ ruwan tabarau na ruwan tabarau na Polarized”
Ya dace da duk mutane, gami da mutanen da ba su da hangen nesa
Na farko, an yi ruwan tabarau da gilashin da ba a canza launi ba
Gilashin da ke canza launi lokacin da hasken da ya dace ya haskaka kuma yana maido da asalin launinsa lokacin da aka cire tushen hasken.Hakanan an san shi da gilashin photochromic ko gilashin launi mai haske.Ana yin gilashin canza launi ta ƙara kayan launi mai haske a cikin albarkatun gilashin.Wannan abu yana da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban guda biyu ko tsarin tsarin lantarki, a cikin yankin hasken da ake iya gani akwai nau'i-nau'i daban-daban guda biyu, a karkashin aikin haske, zai iya canzawa daga wannan tsari zuwa wani nau'i na tsarin, dalilin canza launi mai canzawa, na kowa dauke da azurfa. gilashin kalar halide, aluminium a cikin gilashin borate sodium don ƙara ɗan ƙaramin halide na azurfa (AgX) azaman sensitizer, Bayan ƙara alamar jan ƙarfe da ions cadmium a matsayin sensitizer, gilashin yana haɗaka kuma ana kula da zafi a zazzabi mai dacewa don yin azurfar. halide maida hankali cikin barbashi.Lokacin da hasken ultraviolet ya haskaka shi ko gajeriyar kalaman haske na bayyane, ions na azurfa suna raguwa zuwa atom na azurfa, kuma adadin atom ɗin azurfa suna taruwa cikin colloid don yin launin gilashi;Lokacin da hasken ya tsaya, atom ɗin azurfa sun zama ions na azurfa kuma suna yin shuɗewa ƙarƙashin isar da hasken zafi ko haske mai tsayi (ja ko infrared).
Gilashin canza launi na azurfa ba shi da sauƙi ga gajiya, bayan fiye da 300,000 canje-canje a cikin haske da inuwa, har yanzu ba ya kasawa, abu ne na kowa don yin gilashin canza launi.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da gilashin canza launi don adana bayanai da nuni, canza hoto, sarrafa ƙarfin haske da daidaitawa.
Biyu, ƙa'idar canza launi
Gilashin da ruwan tabarau ke canza launi ta atomatik yayin da hasken yanayi ya canza.Cikakken suna gilashin hoto, wanda kuma aka sani da gilashin launi mai haske.Launin ruwan tabarau ya zama duhu kuma isar da hasken yana raguwa lokacin da ruwan tabarau ya haskaka ta ultraviolet da gajeriyar haske mai gani a ƙarƙashin hasken rana.A cikin gida ko duhu ruwan tabarau watsawar haske yana ƙaruwa, ya ɓace don dawo da gani.Hoton hoto na ruwan tabarau na atomatik ne kuma mai juyawa.Gilashin canza launi na iya daidaita hasken haske ta hanyar canjin launi na ruwan tabarau, ta yadda idon ɗan adam zai iya daidaitawa da canjin yanayin muhalli, rage gajiyar gani, kare idanu.Chromic ruwan tabarau chromic kafin raba ba tare da tushe launi da haske launi yana da nau'i biyu na tushe launi;A launi bayan discoloration m yana da launin toka, dawny iri biyu.
1964 Kamfanin Corning Glass ya ƙirƙira gilashin photochromic.A halin yanzu, manyan masana'antun duniya na gilashin ruwan tabarau mara launi sune Amurka da Faransa kamfanin gilashin masara, Jamus Schott Group na gilashin musamman da kamfanin The UK Chance Pilkington.Beijing, China, da sauran masana'antun suna samar da launi - canza ruwan tabarau.
Ruwan tabarau na chromic yana ƙunshe da halide na azurfa (kloride na azurfa, bromide na azurfa) microcrystals.Lokacin da aka fallasa ga hasken da aka kunna kamar hasken ultraviolet ko gajeriyar haske mai iya gani, Halide ion yana fitar da electrons, wanda ion na azurfa ya kama, kuma halayen masu zuwa suna faruwa:
Halide na azurfa mara launi yana rushewa zuwa atom ɗin azurfa mara kyau da kuma atom ɗin halogen na gaskiya, waɗanda ke ɗaukar haske kuma suna sa ruwan tabarau ya zama ƙasa da haske.Tun da halogen a cikin ruwan tabarau mai canza launi ba ya tserewa, halayen da zasu iya faruwa.Bayan an cire hasken kunnawa, ana sake haɗa azurfa da halogen don mayar da ruwan tabarau zuwa yanayinsa mai haske, mara launi ko haske.Abun cikin azurfa halide micrograins kusan 4 ne×1015 / cm3, diamita yana da kusan 80 ~ 150, kuma matsakaicin nisa tsakanin barbashi shine game da 600. Abubuwan photochromic na ruwan tabarau na discoloration an kwatanta su ta hanyar duhu - maido da halayen halayen (duba adadi).TO shine asalin watsawar gilashin ruwan tabarau kafin fallasa, kuma TD shine watsa ruwan tabarau a tsayin 550nm bayan fallasa zuwa 5.× 104Lx xenon fitila na minti 15.THF shine rabin lokacin dawowa, wato, lokacin da ake buƙata don watsa ruwan tabarau mai launi don murmurewa bayan tsayawa.Babban ingancin launi canza ruwan tabarau ya zama m, kada ku ƙunshi emulsifying launi da lustre, rabin dawo da lokaci ne takaice, m dawo da.Asalin watsawar ruwan tabarau na chromic ba tare da launi na farko ba shine kusan 90%.Ainihin watsawar ruwan tabarau na chromatic tare da launi na farko na iya zama ƙasa da 60 ~ 70%.Canja wurin ruwan tabarau na canza launin ruwan tabarau na gabaɗaya yana raguwa zuwa 20 ~ 30% bayan canza launin haske.Kyakkyawan nau'in canza launi na ruwan tabarau mai ban sha'awa ba shi da zurfi, canza launin haske bayan watsawar kusan 40 ~ 50%.
Uku, tsarin samarwa
Gilashin canza launi ta amfani da gilashin canza launi bisa ga abun da ke ciki an raba zuwa gilashin discoloration borosilicate da gilashin discoloration na aluminum phosphate.China, Amurka, Jamus da sauran gilashin borosilicate, Burtaniya tana amfani da gilashin aluminum phosphate.
Samar da gilashin ruwan tabarau mai canza launi ya haɗa da shirye-shiryen fili, narkewar gilashi, gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare da kuma maganin zafi.Ana amfani da tsarin narkewar da ake ci gaba da yi wajen narkar da gilashin da ba su da launi a duniya, kuma akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na narkewar platinum guda ɗaya da ci gaba da narkewa a China.Bayan da aka danna ruwan tabarau mai canza launi zuwa siffar, dole ne a gudanar da magani mai zafi a karkashin tsananin zafin jiki don sanya lokaci na gilashi ya rabu da kuma sarrafa shi don samar da adadi mai yawa na tarwatsawa da lafiya na azurfa halide microcrystals, wanda ke ba da ruwan tabarau photochromism.
Hudu, samar da kayan aiki
Gilashin mai dauke da azurfa bromide (ko silver chloride) da kuma gano jan karfe oxide wani nau'i ne na gilashin canza launin, lokacin da hasken rana ko radiation ultraviolet, bromide na azurfa yana faruwa bazuwa, atom na azurfa (AgBr==Ag+Br), makamashin atomic na azurfa zuwa jawo hankalin bayyane haske, a lokacin da azurfa atom aka tattara zuwa wani lamba, da haske part a kan gilashin da aka tunawa, Asali m gilashin m ya zama fim a wannan lokacin, lokacin da gilashin cikin duhu, bayan canza launi a karkashin catalysis na jan karfe. oxide, azurfa da bromine atom na iya haɗuwa a cikin bromide na azurfa (Ag + Br = = AgBr), saboda ions na azurfa ba sa ɗaukar haske mai gani, don haka gilashin zai zama marar launi, m, wannan shine ainihin ka'idar canza launin gilashin launi.
Yi gilashin taga tare da gilashin canza launi, na iya sa hasken da ke wucewa ƙarƙashin rana mai zafi ya zama ƙasa kuma yana jin sanyi, canza gilashin launi kuma ana iya amfani dashi don yin ruwan tabarau na rana, ya zama canza launin tabarau daga wannan.
A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, gwajin photometric kawai ya dace daidai ba zai haifar da lahani ga ido ba, amma saboda amfanin kowane mutum na ido ba iri ɗaya bane, don haka kada ku wakilce ku da tabarau bayan diopter ba zai karu ba.Kasuwa launi na myopic ruwan tabarau ne yafi film Layer discoloration da fim tushe discoloration iri biyu, bambanci shi ne cewa fim ya canza dauki gudun ne da sauri, babu launi bambanci, farashin ne dan kadan tsada.Gudun substrate yana da hankali, idan matakin hagu da dama ba zai bayyana bambancin launi ba, amma mai araha, tsawon lokacin amfani.Idan tabo ne, ba a ba da shawarar yin dogon lokaci ba.
Canza launi na gilashin myopic ana amfani da su mafi dacewa, ba sa buƙatar tabarau na musamman, shine tabarau na myopic haƙuri.Koyaya, yana ɗaukar lokaci don canza launi, wanda bai dace da yanayin da haske ke canzawa da sauri ba kuma ba za'a iya canza shi dindindin ba.Tsawon myopia da mutumin da ke da babban bambanci matakin ganin ido biyu bai kamata ya dace da yanki mai canza launi ba.
Ta yaya game da discoloration myopia tabarau?A zahiri canza launi na gilashin myopic da mara launi iri ɗaya, ba zai sa digirin ido ya zurfafa ba saboda ɗaukar launi, sa gilashin don son kula da waɗannan cikakkun bayanai kawai, kar a yi ƙarya misali karanta littafi, kallon TV kuma yi amfani da kwamfuta har zuwa yanzu. kamar yadda zai yiwu kar a dogara da kurkusa sosai, in ba haka ba ma digiri na na iya zurfafa a hankali.
Gani a sama don "canja launi myopia gilashin yadda" gabatarwa, yi imani kun fahimci ɗan canza launin gilashin myopia.Tunatar da ku, tare da gilashin myopia dole ne ku je sashin optometry na yau da kullun, don kada ku yi kuskure.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-04-2021